Bukti-Bukti Leksikal Pembeda Bahasa Wanokaka dan Anakalang di Sumba NTT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62107/mab.v4i1.184Keywords:
pembinaan, pengembangan, kedudukan, fungsi bahasaAbstract
Wanokaka (Wn) and Anakalang (An) languages are two of the seven languages spoken in Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara. Their speakers live in Central Sumba Regency in East Nusa Tenggara Province. Some linguists have considered the two are dialects of Sumba language. In Budasi’s study (2007 2009), however, both of them were quantitatively proved as two diffrent languages spoken in the regency. Based on the lexicostatistics analysis and Swadesh’s classification of language, the relatedness of the two languages was 75,5 % which means that they belong to language family (They are not in dialects relationship). Both languages were hyphotesized originally from Proto Wn-An in Sumba Language Group. Based on this hyphothesis, this paper aims at describing qualitatively the the lexical evidences which differ the two languages. In this study, the the compartive method was applied. The population of the study were the speakers of the two languages. Three informant samples were selected based on a set of criteria. The instruments of the data gathering were three word lists: Swadesh, Nothofer, and Holle; and a tape recorder. Two types of data: secondary and primary, were collected. The obtained data were analysed descriptively and qualitattively. This study concludes that 24.5 % of the total lexicons identified from the three word lists are in different forms that differed the two laguages lexically. Thereare two types of findings. The first findings are a number of lexicons which show the forms of lexical innovation, that is, the forms of cognat sets which show minimum differences in the their phonological patterns; and. The second, is that, the existance of lexical retentions generated from the Proto Wn-An. The whole identified evidences confirmed the quantitatif data findings mentioned in Budasi’s study (2007 and 2009), that is, the Wn-An are two different languages generated directly from the Proto Wn-An within Sumba language Group.Downloads
References
Anceaux, J.C. 1964. “Glottochonologie en Lexticostatistiek”. Majalah Ilmu Sastra Indonesia. Jilid II, No. 3. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.
Birnbaum, H. 1977. Linguistic Reconstruction, Its Potential and Limitation in New Perspective. Whasington Dc: The Institute for the Study of Man.
Blust, R.A. 1974. Proto North Serawak Vowel Deltion Hypothesis. Disertation University of Hawaii.
Blust, R.A. 1978. “The Proto Oceanic Palatals”, Memoir No. 43. Wellington: The Polinesian Society
Budasi, I Gede. 2007. “Kekerabatan Bahasa-Bahasa Sumba: Studi Linguistik Historis Komparatif”. Desertasi: Gajah Mada University
Budasi, I Gede. 2009. “Studi Linguistik Diakronis Mengenai Status Isolek Laura dan Gaura pada Kelompok Bahasa Sumba di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur”. Penelitian Puslit Undiksha.
Bynon, Ta,1979. Historical Linguistics Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crowley, T. 1987. An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. Port Maresby: University of Papua New Guenia Press.
Durasid, D. 1990. “Rekonstruksi Protobahasa Barito”. Disertasi Fakultas Pasca Sarjan Universitas Indonesia.
Jeffers R. J. dan I. Lehiste. 1979. Principles and Methods for Historical Linguistics. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
Hass, M.R. 1966. “Historical Linguistics and the Genetic Relationship of Language”. dalam Sebeok (Eds.) 3 (1971): 113—135.
Hock, H.H. 1988. Principles of Historical Linguistics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Hokett, C. F. 1963. A Course in Modern Linguistics. New York: The Machmillan.
Lehmann, W.P. 1978. Historical Linguistics. An Introduction. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Mbete. Aron Meko. 1990. “Rekonstruksi Proto Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa”. Disertasi untuk Fakultas Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta.
Nothofer, B. 1975. The Reconstruction of Proto Malayo-Javanic. VKI 73, Departement Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 2008. Peta Bahasa-bahasa Nusantara.Pusat Bahasa Jakarta
Sneddon. 1978. Proto-Minahasan: Phonology, and Wordlist. PL B-54.
Swadesh, M. 1952. The Origin and Diversification of Language. London: Rutledge and Kegan Paul.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
- Author grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- Every accepted manuscript should be accompanied by "Copyright Transfer Agreement"prior to the article publication.
